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Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of the supportive group therapy on the psychological traumatic in the nurses who experienced a violence event.Methods 58 nurses were enrolled in this study and randomly arranged to therapy group and control group.Ninety minutes group psychotherapy was used in the therapy group once weekly and last 6 weeks,and no any intervention method was used in the control group.For both groups,evaluations were conducted at three time points that was baseline,immediately after the completion of the intervention and 3 months after the completion of psychotherapy.Evaluations were conducted using the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) and Profile of Mood States (POMS).Results The reduction of the total scores of ISE-R and flashback factor,hyper-arousal factor,avoidance behavior factor in the therapy group were higher than those in control group (-5.00 (3.89) vs-1.48 (3.05),P ＜ 0.01 ;-1.53 (1.46) vs-0.60 (1.90),P ＜ 0.05 ;-1.97 (2.71) vs-0.18 (1.76),P ＜ 0.01 ;-1.50 (2.60) vs-0.70 (2.08),P ＜ 0.01,respectively).Both the reduction of total scores of PMOS and the tension-anxiety factor and depression-dejection factor scores on the POMS differed significantly between the two groups(-2.80 (19.40) vs-0.41 (14.05),P ＜ 0.01 ;-1.85 (3.64) vs 0.37(3.40),P＜0.01 ;-1.10(6.52) vs 0.13(4.30),P＜0.01,respectively).All these effects maintained 3 months after the psychotherapy completion.Conclusion The group psychotherapy can alleviate the psychological traumatic of nurses experienced violence events,and it can be used to protect the mental health of these nurses.
RESUMO
Introducción: En la actualidad las lesiones producidas por accidentes de tránsito o por violencia son un serio problema de seguridad en las comunidades, como tal originan un incremento en la demanda de los servicios de atención traumatológica. Objetivo: Determinar, en personas que sufren un accidente de tránsito y violencia, las atribuciones que les dan, al origen y evolución de sus síntomas; así como los pesos culturales de éstas; independiente del tipo de accidente, edad, sexo, escolaridad, remuneración económica y presencia de adicciones. Material y métodos: Se seleccionaron en forma consecutiva a 60 víctimas de lesiones de accidentes de tránsito o por violencia, que fueron atendidos en un hospital de tercer nivel de atención en Monterrey, México. Los datos se obtuvieron mediante la técnica de listado libre; se analizaron mediante frecuencias y pesos culturales. Resultados: Los individuos atribuyeron el origen de los accidentes viales a la imprudencia y ésta fue dependiente del género; las mujeres lo atribuyeron más al cansancio. El origen del evento con violencia más mencionado fue alcohol y drogas y varió por edad, género, presencia de adicción y remuneración económica. Evolución satisfactoria fue la atribución más común al hecho de sentirse mejor; las mujeres y quienes recibían remuneración económica, señalaron a la atención médica; mientras el grupo de pacientes que sufrieron violencia, la más mencionada fue gracias a Dios no perdí la vida. Discusión y conclusiones: Predominaron como atribuciones la imprudencia en accidentes viales, mientras que en los de violencia, fueron las drogas, alcohol e imprudencia. Ya se ha reportado la presencia de drogas ilegales, alcohol y medicamentos como factores importantes en lesiones por accidentes.
Introduction: At present injuries produced by a transit accident or violence event represents a very serious safety problem for communities. As expected they also increase utilization of specialized health care. Objective: To determine cultural weights and attributions of origin and evolution of syntoms in patients with a transit accident or violence event, independent of type of accident, age, sex, education, income and illegal drug usage. Material and methods: Sixty victims of a transit accident or violence event attending a social security tertiary hospital were consecutively selected, in Monterrey, Mexico. Information was obtained through the free listing technique. Analysis consisted of frequency distributions and estimation of cultural weights (value of cognitive significance plus a combination of frequency and order of attribute mention). Results: Individuals attributed their transit accident to carelessness and it was dependent of sex; women attributed the event more frequently to worn-out. Individuals with a violence event attributed it to alcohol and drugs and varied according to age, sex, usage of illegal drugs and income. Satisfactory evolution was the most common attribution for feeling better; women and persons with an income mentioned more frequently medical care. The most common feeling better attribution for a violent event was Thanks God my life was not lost. Discussion and conclusions: Carelessness predominated for a transit accident origin and ilegal drugs and alcohol for a violence origin. Literature also reports illegal drugs, alcohol and medicines as important factors related to accidents.
